"Flow," as defined by lean thinking, describes a mode of work in which there is a smooth, non-turbulent delivery of valuable product features. When practicing flow, a team constantly pays attention to tweaking, massaging, and increasing unimpeded value delivery. So, flow translates into rhythm that guides teams in delivering consistently good product without overburdening their work flow.

To understand flow and how new agile teams can apply it, I want to cover some characteristics of agile teams in flow, the roadblocks that teams may encounter when attempting flow, and the rewards that teams can expect should their unyielding dedication to flow succeed.

Characteristics of a Team in Flow
Some new agile teams may skip over some fundamental flow disciplines, focusing instead on specific engineering practices. But without these flow disciplines supporting those practices, such teams may find themselves struggling to maintain, mature, or scale their agile initiative.

Time-boxed Rhythm of High-quality Value Delivery

New Agile teams often concentrate on a practice of time boxes without applying the flow. Think of flow as the drumbeat that maintains a constant rhythm of value delivery from time box to time box. Team work begins and ends on the same day with every time box. And in that time box, the agile team commits to high-quality value delivery every time. That is, the items completed are the product representative's highest-value items the team can possibly deliver with the highest quality.

Empowered, Collaborative Decision-making

Agile initiatives that come from "above" often suffer a "business as usual" syndrome. This may result in new agile teams that remain un-empowered to make their decisions. In contrast, a team in flow aggressively collaborates to derive informed decisions. Together, team members create participatory commitment events at the start and end of each time box as well as each day. They take ownership of their task definitions, task estimates, and the quality of the work done, and they invite the engagement of a facilitative leader to guide their collaboration.

Amplifying Learning through Inspect & Adapt Processes
In my article "11 Ways Agile Adoptions Fail," I mention that lack of retrospection may be my number one characteristic of a failure mode. Teams in flow are constantly working to create smoother, less turbulent flow. That means they inspect and adapt practices about planning that don't overburden their systems (schedules and work). They look for practices in their agile adoption that increase high-quality value delivery. They pay attention to how they collaborate in order to make decisions.

Roadblocks to Team Flow
It's not easy being the new agile kid on the block. A number of organizational bullies may decide to trip up your team with some classic, nasty, seemingly insurmountable roadblocks. At the very least, these roadblocks create great turbulence and impedance around a new agile team's adoption success.

Resource Constraints
Flow is quite a challenge when, organizationally, the policy is to share resources across teams. We can't get better at estimating our work, nor can we get better at estimating our value delivery. And when the shared resources are from QA, we can't create a flow of high-quality delivery of items within a time box.

Command and Control
Associated with the empowered, collaborative, decision-making characteristic above, new agile teams may find themselves stuck in an environment that still relies on command-and-control leadership. This roadblock deteriorates flow by squelching useful information from the team. It ultimately erodes the team's ability to effectively improve planning and thus not overstuff time box workloads. An overburdened system cannot move into flow.

Fixed Scope, Schedule & Resources
And speaking of overburdening the system, this combination of fixed system attributes presents a classic roadblock to flow. A fixed schedule and fixed scope doesn't take into account the rough spots in value delivery: change in value definition, uncertainty of value complexity, and unexpected resource constraints. Flow systems seek constant adjusting and emergent decisions based on continuous feedback loops.

Low Test Automation
New agile teams push their agile maturity by concentrating on continually improving their quality levels in value delivery. That means vigilance around what tests to automate, how quickly they can be automated, and how often they can executed. Automated tests may at first "stop the line." However, in the end these tests keep the delivery of high-quality in flow.

Large Inventory of Defects or Technical Debt
Agile teams work to deliver value, and they work to do so in a rhythm of time boxes-in flow. Existing inventories of defect logs present a roadblock to value delivery. They are the unknown termites gnawing at the system stability and the team's ability to declare high-quality, regular delivery of value to the customer. Cleaning up the debt may be a required chore before flow can be achieved.

Results of Successful Team Flow
While the roadblocks to team flow can be daunting, there is a bright horizon for those new agile teams willing to make the journey. Teams in flow now have the disciplines to mature into even more discipline. They also have the scaffolding to invite scaling of agile to their fellow teams. In addition to delivering value, flow also results in:

• Less friction, higher morale, more engagement in the process
• Higher quality, more value, fewer defects to manage
• Greater visibility and steering through empowered teams and amplified learning
   

So, consider flow as a guide for how your new agile team can take its initial disciplined steps to delivering value. You'll then be ready to mature into practices associated with lean thinking's notion of "pull"-but that's another story!